Question: 1
You are designing a data processing pipeline using Azure Data Factory. You need to copy data from an on-premises SQL Server database to Azure Data Lake Storage Gen2. The solution must support scheduled data transfers and handle large volumes of data efficiently.
What should you use to connect to the on-premises database?

1. Self-hosted integration runtime
   B. Azure-hosted integration runtime
   C. Azure Data Gateway
   D. Azure ExpressRoute

Correct answer: A. Self-hosted integration runtime
Explanation: The self-hosted integration runtime in Azure Data Factory enables secure data movement between on-premises data stores and Azure. It is required when the source or destination is not accessible publicly over the internet.

Question: 2
You are designing a data solution in Azure Synapse Analytics. The data will be queried frequently by analysts. You need to optimize the performance of frequently run queries.
What should you use?

1. Materialized views
   B. External tables
   C. Indexed views
   D. Heap tables

Correct answer: A. Materialized views
Explanation: Materialized views store pre-computed query results and are ideal for improving query performance in Synapse Analytics when the same complex queries are run frequently.

Question: 3
You have a Delta Lake table stored in Azure Data Lake Storage Gen2. You need to ensure that only the latest version of each record is returned when queried, and you want to enable time travel for auditing purposes.
Which feature should you use?

1. Snapshot isolation
   B. Schema evolution
   C. Merge (upsert)
   D. Delta Lake ACID transactions

Correct answer: D. Delta Lake ACID transactions
Explanation: Delta Lake provides ACID transactions and maintains a transaction log, enabling features like time travel and allowing you to query historical versions of the data.

Question: 4
You need to implement slowly changing dimensions (SCD) Type 2 in an Azure Data Factory data flow. What should you use?

1. Alter row transformation
   B. Derived column transformation
   C. Lookup transformation
   D. Conditional split transformation

Correct answer: A. Alter row transformation
Explanation: The Alter Row transformation is used in mapping data flows to flag rows for insert, update, delete, and upsert operations—essential for implementing SCD Type 2.

Question: 5
You need to store structured and semi-structured data in a cost-effective manner, and the data must be accessed by multiple Azure services for analytics.
What should you use?

1. Azure Blob Storage
   B. Azure Data Lake Storage Gen2
   C. Azure SQL Database
   D. Azure Cosmos DB

Correct answer: B. Azure Data Lake Storage Gen2
Explanation: Azure Data Lake Storage Gen2 is optimized for analytics workloads and can handle both structured and semi-structured data. It integrates well with Azure analytics services.

Question: 6
You are building a data pipeline that will be triggered by new files being uploaded to an Azure Blob Storage container. Which Azure service should you use to trigger the pipeline?

1. Azure Functions
   B. Azure Logic Apps
   C. Azure Event Grid
   D. Azure Automation

Correct answer: C. Azure Event Grid
Explanation: Azure Event Grid can monitor for new events (such as new files in Blob Storage) and trigger a data pipeline or other processes in response.

Question: 7
You need to configure an Azure SQL Database to use encryption at rest. Which feature should you enable?

1. Always Encrypted
   B. Transparent Data Encryption (TDE)
   C. Column-level encryption
   D. Dynamic Data Masking

Correct answer: B. Transparent Data Encryption (TDE)
Explanation: Transparent Data Encryption (TDE) encrypts the entire database, including backups, and helps protect data at rest.

Question: 8
You need to process large-scale batch data in real-time. You want to use Azure services. Which service should you use?

1. Azure Stream Analytics
   B. Azure Databricks
   C. Azure Data Lake Analytics
   D. Azure SQL Database

Correct answer: B. Azure Databricks
Explanation: Azure Databricks is a fast, easy, and collaborative Apache Spark-based analytics platform ideal for large-scale batch and real-time data processing.

Question: 9
You need to load data from an Azure SQL Database into an Azure Data Lake. You want to minimize the impact on the operational database. Which approach should you use?

1. Use a scheduled Azure Data Factory pipeline
   B. Use a direct query from Azure Synapse Analytics
   C. Use an Azure Logic Apps workflow
   D. Use SQL Server Integration Services (SSIS)

Correct answer: A. Use a scheduled Azure Data Factory pipeline
Explanation: A scheduled Azure Data Factory pipeline can periodically extract data from Azure SQL Database without impacting the operational system.

Question: 10
You need to implement a solution for a data warehouse that should have low latency for large-scale analytics queries. Which of the following Azure services is most appropriate?

1. Azure SQL Database
   B. Azure Synapse Analytics
   C. Azure Cosmos DB
   D. Azure Blob Storage

Correct answer: B. Azure Synapse Analytics
Explanation: Azure Synapse Analytics (formerly SQL Data Warehouse) is designed for large-scale analytics with low latency for complex queries.

Question: 11
You need to implement a data pipeline to ingest data from Azure Event Hubs and process it in real time. Which service should you use?

1. Azure Functions
   B. Azure Databricks
   C. Azure Stream Analytics
   D. Azure Synapse Analytics

Correct answer: C. Azure Stream Analytics
Explanation: Azure Stream Analytics is a real-time analytics service that can ingest and process data from Event Hubs, IoT Hub, and other sources.

Question: 12
You need to create a real-time data processing solution that can scale to handle billions of events per second. Which Azure service should you use?

1. Azure Event Grid
   B. Azure Event Hubs
   C. Azure Logic Apps
   D. Azure Service Bus

Correct answer: B. Azure Event Hubs
Explanation: Azure Event Hubs is a highly scalable data streaming platform that can handle millions of events per second and is ideal for real-time event ingestion.

Question: 13
You are designing a solution to monitor and alert on changes to a specific table in Azure SQL Database. What should you enable?

1. Change Data Capture (CDC)
   B. Transparent Data Encryption (TDE)
   C. Azure SQL Database Auditing
   D. Dynamic Data Masking

Correct answer: A. Change Data Capture (CDC)
Explanation: Change Data Capture (CDC) enables tracking and recording of changes to data in a SQL Server or Azure SQL Database for auditing and integration with downstream systems.

Question: 14
You are setting up a data lake for a machine learning project. You need to store data that might include both structured and unstructured data. Which storage option should you choose?

1. Azure Blob Storage
   B. Azure SQL Database
   C. Azure Data Lake Storage Gen2
   D. Azure Cosmos DB

Correct answer: C. Azure Data Lake Storage Gen2
Explanation: Azure Data Lake Storage Gen2 is designed to handle both structured and unstructured data, making it ideal for storing data used in machine learning.

Question: 15
You need to implement a solution where large datasets are processed by multiple users concurrently. The processing must support both batch and interactive queries. Which service should you use?

1. Azure Databricks
   B. Azure SQL Database
   C. Azure Synapse Analytics
   D. Azure Cosmos DB

Correct answer: C. Azure Synapse Analytics
Explanation: Azure Synapse Analytics supports both batch and interactive queries with scalability for concurrent workloads.

Question: 16
You need to move large volumes of data from an on-premises system to Azure Blob Storage. The data must be uploaded with minimal effort and downtime. Which Azure service should you use?

1. Azure Data Factory
   B. Azure Data Box
   C. Azure Logic Apps
   D. Azure ExpressRoute

Correct answer: B. Azure Data Box
Explanation: Azure Data Box is a physical device that allows you to transfer large volumes of data to Azure with minimal effort and downtime, ideal for situations where network bandwidth is a limiting factor.

Question: 17
You need to ensure that your Azure SQL Database can recover to any point in time within the last 7 days. Which feature should you enable?

1. Long-term retention
   B. Point-in-time restore
   C. Active geo-replication
   D. Azure Backup

Correct answer: B. Point-in-time restore
Explanation: Point-in-time restore enables you to recover an Azure SQL Database to a specific time within the last 7 to 35 days, depending on the retention period.

Question: 18
You need to implement a solution that ensures that sensitive data in an Azure SQL Database is encrypted both in transit and at rest. What should you enable?

1. Always Encrypted
   B. Transparent Data Encryption (TDE)
   C. Virtual Network Service Endpoints
   D. Azure Key Vault

Correct answer: A. Always Encrypted
Explanation: Always Encrypted ensures that sensitive data is encrypted both in transit and at rest, and that the encryption keys are never exposed to the database engine.

Question: 19
You need to automate the scaling of an Azure Data Factory pipeline based on the data volume. Which feature of Azure Data Factory should you use?

1. Integration runtime auto-scaling
   B. Data Flow debug mode
   C. Pipeline triggers
   D. Azure Logic Apps

Correct answer: A. Integration runtime auto-scaling
Explanation: Integration runtime auto-scaling in Azure Data Factory allows the system to scale the resources required to process data, ensuring optimal performance based on workload demand.

Question: 20
You are tasked with designing a solution that will provide real-time streaming analytics over data ingested from IoT devices. Which service should you use?

1. Azure Databricks
   B. Azure Stream Analytics
   C. Azure Data Lake Storage Gen2
   D. Azure Synapse Analytics

Correct answer: B. Azure Stream Analytics
Explanation: Azure Stream Analytics is designed for real-time analytics over data streams, making it an ideal choice for ingesting and analyzing data from IoT devices.

Question: 21
You need to implement a solution that analyzes data from multiple data sources, including relational, non-relational, and data streams. Which Azure service should you use?

1. Azure Synapse Analytics
   B. Azure Data Factory
   C. Azure Data Lake Analytics
   D. Azure Cosmos DB

Correct answer: A. Azure Synapse Analytics
Explanation: Azure Synapse Analytics integrates data from various sources, including relational, non-relational, and streaming data, enabling powerful analytics.

Question: 22
You are working with an Azure SQL Database and need to implement a solution for real-time data replication between two Azure SQL Databases. Which feature should you use?

1. Active geo-replication
   B. Azure SQL Database replication
   C. Always On Availability Groups
   D. SQL Server transactional replication

Correct answer: A. Active geo-replication
Explanation: Active geo-replication allows for real-time replication of Azure SQL Database to another region for disaster recovery and high availability.

Question: 23
You need to implement a solution that allows you to ingest large volumes of streaming data from multiple devices in real-time. The data will be analyzed for patterns and trends. Which service should you use?

1. Azure Event Hubs
   B. Azure Cosmos DB
   C. Azure Logic Apps
   D. Azure Stream Analytics

Correct answer: A. Azure Event Hubs
Explanation: Azure Event Hubs is a highly scalable data streaming platform designed to ingest large volumes of real-time data from multiple sources, including devices, and stream it for further processing and analysis.

Question: 24
You are designing a data pipeline that needs to read data from Azure Blob Storage and load it into Azure SQL Database. Which service should you use for the data transfer?

1. Azure Data Factory
   B. Azure Logic Apps
   C. Azure Data Lake Analytics
   D. Azure Databricks

Correct answer: A. Azure Data Factory
Explanation: Azure Data Factory is the preferred service for orchestrating and automating data transfers from various sources like Azure Blob Storage to Azure SQL Database.

Question: 25
You need to ensure that sensitive data stored in an Azure SQL Database is encrypted, and that the encryption keys are managed by your organization. What should you enable?

1. Always Encrypted
   B. Transparent Data Encryption (TDE)
   C. Azure Key Vault integration
   D. SQL Server Auditing

Correct answer: A. Always Encrypted
Explanation: Always Encrypted allows you to encrypt sensitive data within the database while keeping the encryption keys under your control, ensuring that the data is protected.

Question: 26
You are processing large datasets using Azure Data Factory. You need to improve the performance of your data processing pipeline by minimizing the time it takes to load data. Which feature should you enable?

1. Parallel data movement
   B. Managed private endpoints
   C. Data Flow optimization
   D. Integration runtime auto-scaling

Correct answer: A. Parallel data movement
Explanation: Parallel data movement in Azure Data Factory allows data to be transferred concurrently, significantly improving the performance and reducing the load time of large datasets.

Question: 27
You need to implement a solution that provides the ability to run queries on data stored in Azure Data Lake Storage without moving the data. Which service should you use?

1. Azure SQL Data Warehouse
   B. Azure Synapse Analytics
   C. Azure HDInsight
   D. Azure Data Explorer

Correct answer: B. Azure Synapse Analytics
Explanation: Azure Synapse Analytics allows you to query data directly in Azure Data Lake Storage without moving the data, supporting both batch and real-time analytics.

Question: 28
You need to create an Azure Data Lake Storage Gen2 container that allows multiple users to access and modify data simultaneously. Which access control method should you use?

1. Azure Active Directory (AAD) authentication
   B. Shared Access Signatures (SAS)
   C. Access Control Lists (ACLs)
   D. Role-Based Access Control (RBAC)

Correct answer: C. Access Control Lists (ACLs)
Explanation: ACLs allow you to manage user-level permissions for accessing and modifying data in Azure Data Lake Storage Gen2, providing fine-grained control over who can access specific data.

Question: 29
You need to set up a solution for batch processing large datasets stored in Azure Data Lake Storage. Which Azure service would be best for running distributed compute jobs to analyze the data?

1. Azure SQL Database
   B. Azure Databricks
   C. Azure HDInsight
   D. Azure Stream Analytics

Correct answer: B. Azure Databricks
Explanation: Azure Databricks is an Apache Spark-based analytics platform designed for large-scale batch and real-time data processing, making it ideal for analyzing large datasets stored in Azure Data Lake Storage.

Question: 30
You are developing an ETL pipeline that will extract data from multiple sources, transform it, and load it into Azure SQL Data Warehouse. Which tool should you use to implement the data flow logic?

1. Azure Data Factory Data Flow
   B. SQL Server Integration Services (SSIS)
   C. Azure Logic Apps
   D. Azure Stream Analytics

Correct answer: A. Azure Data Factory Data Flow
Explanation: Azure Data Factory Data Flow is a visual data transformation tool that allows you to design and manage ETL pipelines. It is ideal for processing large datasets and loading them into Azure SQL Data Warehouse.

Question: 31
You are tasked with migrating an on-premises data warehouse to Azure. The data warehouse must support large-scale, high-performance analytics. Which Azure service is best suited for this scenario?

1. Azure Synapse Analytics
   B. Azure SQL Database
   C. Azure Cosmos DB
   D. Azure Data Lake Storage Gen2

Correct answer: A. Azure Synapse Analytics
Explanation: Azure Synapse Analytics is designed for large-scale data warehousing and analytics workloads, offering integration with both relational and non-relational data.

Question: 32
You need to implement a solution that will automatically scale based on incoming data volumes for a real-time data ingestion pipeline. Which Azure service should you use?

1. Azure Event Hubs
   B. Azure Functions
   C. Azure Databricks
   D. Azure Logic Apps

Correct answer: A. Azure Event Hubs
Explanation: Azure Event Hubs is a highly scalable service for real-time data ingestion. It supports automatic scaling based on the volume of incoming events and is well-suited for large-scale data pipelines.

Question: 33
You are building an enterprise data lake that will store a large volume of unstructured data. You need to ensure that the data can be accessed by both analytics tools and machine learning models. Which service should you use to store the data?

1. Azure Blob Storage
   B. Azure Data Lake Storage Gen2
   C. Azure SQL Database
   D. Azure Cosmos DB

Correct answer: B. Azure Data Lake Storage Gen2
Explanation: Azure Data Lake Storage Gen2 is designed to store large volumes of unstructured data and is optimized for analytics and machine learning workloads.

Question: 34
You need to implement a solution for analyzing large volumes of data that is stored in Azure Data Lake Storage using SQL-based queries. Which service should you use?

1. Azure Synapse Analytics
   B. Azure Data Lake Analytics
   C. Azure SQL Data Warehouse
   D. Azure Databricks

Correct answer: A. Azure Synapse Analytics
Explanation: Azure Synapse Analytics allows you to run SQL-based queries on data stored in Azure Data Lake Storage, integrating with both on-demand and provisioned query capabilities.

Question: 35
You need to ensure that your Azure SQL Database can scale automatically based on workload demand. Which feature should you enable?

1. Azure SQL Database elastic pools
   B. Azure SQL Database autoscaling
   C. Azure SQL Database serverless tier
   D. Always On Availability Groups

Correct answer: C. Azure SQL Database serverless tier
Explanation: The serverless tier of Azure SQL Database automatically scales compute resources based on workload demand and pauses during inactivity, helping you save on costs while maintaining performance.

Question: 36
You are building a data pipeline in Azure Data Factory that will read data from a remote server. Which integration runtime type should you use?

1. Azure-hosted integration runtime
   B. Self-hosted integration runtime
   C. Managed integration runtime
   D. Hybrid integration runtime

Correct answer: B. Self-hosted integration runtime
Explanation: The self-hosted integration runtime allows you to securely connect to on-premises or remote servers to move data into Azure Data Factory.

Question: 37
You need to migrate a large dataset from an on-premises data center to Azure. The data transfer must occur over a secure, high-bandwidth connection. Which Azure service should you use?

1. Azure Data Box
   B. Azure Data Factory
   C. Azure ExpressRoute
   D. Azure Logic Apps

Correct answer: C. Azure ExpressRoute
Explanation: Azure ExpressRoute provides a private, high-bandwidth, low-latency connection between on-premises data centers and Azure, making it ideal for large data migrations.

Question: 38
You need to ensure that data in Azure Cosmos DB is always available, even in the event of regional outages. What should you configure?

1. Multi-region replication
   B. Point-in-time restore
   C. Active geo-replication
   D. Automatic failover groups

Correct answer: A. Multi-region replication
Explanation: Azure Cosmos DB supports multi-region replication, which ensures data availability and consistency even in the event of regional outages.

Question: 39
You are working with a large volume of unstructured data in Azure Blob Storage. The data will be analyzed using Azure Databricks, and you need to ensure that the data is accessible and well-organized. What should you use?

1. Blob Storage containers
   B. Azure Data Lake Storage Gen2
   C. SQL Data Warehouse
   D. Azure Synapse Analytics

Correct answer: B. Azure Data Lake Storage Gen2
Explanation: Azure Data Lake Storage Gen2 is designed for storing large volumes of unstructured data and integrates seamlessly with analytics tools like Azure Databricks.

Question: 40
You need to ensure that the schema of data in Azure Data Lake Storage evolves as the data grows. Which feature should you enable?

1. Data Lake Storage Gen2
   B. Schema-on-read
   C. Schema-on-write
   D. Managed Identity

Correct answer: B. Schema-on-read
Explanation: Azure Data Lake Storage allows schema-on-read, meaning you can read the data without requiring a fixed schema, and the schema can evolve over time as the data grows.

Question: 41
You need to run Spark-based workloads in Azure for big data processing. Which service should you use?

1. Azure Databricks
   B. Azure HDInsight
   C. Azure Synapse Analytics
   D. Azure SQL Data Warehouse

Correct answer: A. Azure Databricks
Explanation: Azure Databricks is an Apache Spark-based analytics platform that allows for large-scale data processing, machine learning, and AI workloads.

Question: 42
You are implementing an ETL solution using Azure Data Factory. You need to transform the data during the pipeline execution. Which transformation should you use?

1. Mapping Data Flow
   B. Azure SQL Database
   C. Azure Databricks
   D. Azure Stream Analytics

Correct answer: A. Mapping Data Flow
Explanation: Azure Data Factory’s Mapping Data Flow feature allows for visually designed transformations within a pipeline, providing a flexible way to transform data during processing.

Question: 43
You need to store a large amount of log data that is generated by multiple web applications in Azure. The data should be indexed and available for fast querying. Which service should you use?

1. Azure SQL Database
   B. Azure Blob Storage
   C. Azure Data Explorer
   D. Azure Table Storage

Correct answer: C. Azure Data Explorer
Explanation: Azure Data Explorer is a fast and highly scalable data exploration service designed for analyzing large volumes of log and telemetry data.

Question: 44
You are setting up a data pipeline in Azure Data Factory and need to execute a custom script on each incoming data file before it is processed. Which activity type should you use in the pipeline?

1. Data Flow
   B. Custom Activity
   C. Lookup Activity
   D. Azure Function Activity

Correct answer: B. Custom Activity
Explanation: A Custom Activity in Azure Data Factory allows you to run custom scripts, such as Python, PowerShell, or other executable scripts, on each data file before it is processed.

Question: 45
You need to store JSON data that can be queried using SQL. Which of the following Azure services should you use?

1. Azure Blob Storage
   B. Azure Cosmos DB with SQL API
   C. Azure SQL Database
   D. Azure Table Storage

Correct answer: B. Azure Cosmos DB with SQL API
Explanation: Azure Cosmos DB with the SQL API allows you to store JSON data and query it using SQL-like syntax, making it a suitable choice for semi-structured data.

Question: 46
You are designing a solution to analyze large datasets stored in Azure Data Lake Storage using SQL-based queries. The queries must be highly performant. Which service should you use?

1. Azure Databricks
   B. Azure Synapse Analytics
   C. Azure SQL Data Warehouse
   D. Azure SQL Database

Correct answer: B. Azure Synapse Analytics
Explanation: Azure Synapse Analytics is optimized for running SQL-based queries on large datasets in Azure Data Lake Storage, providing high performance and scalability.

Question: 47
You are tasked with building a data pipeline in Azure Data Factory that will transfer data from Azure Blob Storage to Azure SQL Database. You need to ensure that only new or modified records are transferred. What should you use?

1. Incremental load
   B. Data Flow transformation
   C. Lookup Activity
   D. Copy Activity with a filter condition

Correct answer: A. Incremental load
Explanation: An incremental load ensures that only new or modified data is transferred, minimizing the amount of data moved and improving performance in Azure Data Factory.

Question: 48
You are building a solution that needs to analyze clickstream data generated by users interacting with a website. The data must be ingested and processed in real-time. Which service should you use?

1. Azure Databricks
   B. Azure Stream Analytics
   C. Azure Data Lake Analytics
   D. Azure Event Hubs

Correct answer: B. Azure Stream Analytics
Explanation: Azure Stream Analytics is designed to process real-time data streams, such as clickstream data, from various sources and perform real-time analytics.

Question: 49
You need to ensure that sensitive data stored in an Azure SQL Database is not exposed to unauthorized users. Which feature should you use to mask the data?

1. Dynamic Data Masking
   B. Transparent Data Encryption (TDE)
   C. Always Encrypted
   D. Column-level encryption

Correct answer: A. Dynamic Data Masking
Explanation: Dynamic Data Masking allows you to mask sensitive data in Azure SQL Database, ensuring that unauthorized users cannot view sensitive information.

Question: 50
You are working with data stored in Azure Blob Storage and need to process it using Spark. Which service should you use to run Spark-based transformations on this data?

1. Azure Databricks
   B. Azure HDInsight
   C. Azure Synapse Analytics
   D. Azure Functions

Correct answer: A. Azure Databricks
Explanation: Azure Databricks provides an Apache Spark-based platform for running large-scale data processing and analytics, making it ideal for transforming data stored in Azure Blob Storage.