Question 1

What is the primary purpose of a data analyst in a business environment?
A. To install database servers
B. To manage IT networks
C. To extract, analyze, and interpret data to support decision-making
D. To secure company data from threats
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: A data analyst is responsible for gathering, cleaning, analyzing, and interpreting data to provide actionable insights to decision-makers.

Question 2

Which of the following is an example of structured data?
A. Customer reviews
B. Video files
C. A relational database table
D. Social media posts
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Structured data is organized and typically stored in tables within relational databases.

Question 3

What does ETL stand for in data analytics?
A. Evaluate, Test, Load
B. Extract, Transform, Load
C. Encrypt, Transfer, Log
D. Examine, Trace, Link
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: ETL stands for Extract, Transform, Load – the process used to collect data from various sources, convert it into a suitable format, and store it for analysis.

Question 4

Which chart type is best for showing parts of a whole?
A. Line chart
B. Pie chart
C. Scatter plot
D. Histogram
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Pie charts are ideal for displaying how individual pieces contribute to a total.

Question 5

Which of the following is a data cleansing technique?
A. Indexing data
B. Removing duplicates
C. Data warehousing
D. Data aggregation
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Removing duplicates is a fundamental data cleansing method to ensure data quality.

Question 6

Which of these tools is primarily used for data visualization?
A. MySQL
B. Excel
C. Tableau
D. MongoDB
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Tableau is widely used for creating dashboards and visualizations from data.

Question 7

What is a primary key in a relational database?
A. A visual chart used in dashboards
B. A unique identifier for each row in a table
C. A measure of data accuracy
D. A backup key for encryption
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: A primary key uniquely identifies each record in a database table.

Question 8

Which metric is used to measure the middle value in a data set?
A. Mean
B. Mode
C. Median
D. Standard deviation
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: The median represents the middle value of a dataset when ordered numerically.

Question 9

Which of the following is a benefit of data normalization?
A. Increases data redundancy
B. Makes databases harder to query
C. Organizes data efficiently
D. Converts unstructured data to structured
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Data normalization eliminates redundancy and organizes data efficiently.

Question 10

Which function in Excel can be used to calculate average?
A. =MEDIAN()
B. =MODE()
C. =STDEV()
D. =AVERAGE()
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: The =AVERAGE() function calculates the mean of a set of numbers.

Question 11

Which of the following best defines data integrity?
A. Ensuring the data is secure
B. Ensuring the data is accurate and consistent
C. Making data confidential
D. Encrypting data for analysis
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Data integrity refers to the accuracy and consistency of data over its lifecycle.

Question 12

What is the purpose of a foreign key?
A. To provide encryption
B. To sort data in a table
C. To enforce referential integrity between two tables
D. To create a backup
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: A foreign key links one table to another and helps maintain referential integrity.

Question 13

Which statistical method is best for measuring variation in a dataset?
A. Mean
B. Median
C. Standard deviation
D. Mode
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Standard deviation measures the amount of variation or dispersion in a dataset.

Question 14

What is the main role of a data steward?
A. Building data warehouses
B. Controlling physical access to servers
C. Ensuring data quality and compliance
D. Writing machine learning algorithms
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Data stewards manage data quality and enforce governance policies.

Question 15

What is data lineage?
A. A type of data encryption
B. A record of data breaches
C. The history of data from source to destination
D. A chart that shows data distribution
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Data lineage shows where data originates, how it moves, and how it’s transformed.

Question 16

What is the first step in the data analysis process?
A. Visualizing data
B. Communicating results
C. Defining the problem/question
D. Exporting reports
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Clearly defining the problem or question is the foundation of the analytics process.

Question 17

Which of the following is an example of categorical data?
A. Temperature
B. Revenue
C. Customer names
D. Age
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Customer names are categorical (non-numeric) data.

Question 18

Which visualization is best to show the trend of sales over time?
A. Bar chart
B. Pie chart
C. Line chart
D. Box plot
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Line charts effectively show trends over time.

Question 19

Which SQL command is used to retrieve data?
A. INSERT
B. UPDATE
C. DELETE
D. SELECT
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: The SELECT command retrieves data from a database.

Question 20

What does data governance focus on?
A. Coding efficiency
B. Data monetization
C. Data access, security, and policies
D. Real-time analytics
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Data governance is about managing the availability, usability, integrity, and security of data.